World War II was marked by the persecution and forced displacement of millions of people. Among them was Ludwig von Mises, one of the most brilliant minds in economics, whose ideas challenged the growing totalitarianism in Europe. Although there are few written records of his escape from Europe, this article provides several previously unpublished details, based on rare and never-before-published documents.These documents—discovered in Swiss and Portuguese archives—reveal a previously-unknown side of Mises’s journey. They show, not only his elaborate escape plan, but also the crucial support of figures such as Moisés Amzalak, president of the Jewish community in Lisbon, and Oliveira Salazar, the well-known President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal. In a journey marked by countless

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