Not long ago, Black Friday epitomized consumer frenzy. Crowds trampled one another at store entrances, shelves emptied in minutes, and shoppers battled over discounted goods with an intensity critics often likened to greed, desperation, and degradation. These chaotic scenes became a prime target for critics of capitalism, who accused the system of reducing human dignity to unchecked materialism.Naomi Klein famously described such behavior as the “logical endpoint of consumer capitalism,” arguing that corporations manipulate human desires to turn individuals into mindless buyers. Others claimed that Black Friday chaos stemmed from desperation caused by economic inequality, forcing low-income families to fight for deals they couldn’t otherwise afford. Labor advocates condemned the
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